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When looking at a system, the questions you might ask might fall into several categories.
It helps to have a good understanding of what you're looking at before you start. And I'm just talking about the basics - how much memory, how many of what type of CPUs, disk, network, and, at a high level, how it's structured, along with a rough understanding of what types of tasks the system is performing.
To get a listing of the CPUs present in your system, the command is
/usr/sbin/psrinfo -vp
which will tell you how many CPUs you have, how many cores and threads each one has, and the model details of each CPU.
The easiest way to get the total memory is
/usr/sbin/prtconf -m
which gives the total memory in megabytes. (This might be a few megabytes smaller than the marketing capacity, as the system can reserve memory.)
You can see details of which memory slots are occupied in the output from
/usr/sbin/prtdiag
although the output can be erratic. Even more details of the
components can be found by looking through the output
of /usr/sbin/smbios. Optionally,
the memconf tool may be installed, which can parse
these information sources into more easily understood forms.
A partner to memory is swap space, you can get a summary with
/usr/sbin/swap -sh
and a list of swap devices and their usage with
/usr/sbin/swap -lh
There are a couple of ways to get information on the installed disk (storage) devices.
If you're root, the easiest way is to type
diskinfo
and you'll get a list, with the properties of each disk.
If you're not root, then
iostat -En
will give information on all storage devices known to the system. The weakness of this method is that the information is a little hard to read, and that it will include removable media devices, such as CD-ROM drives, whether or not there is media in the drive. (In some circumstances it will also report on phantom or removed devices, especially if connected to external storage arrays.)
There's then the question of what the disk devices are used for. With illumos, it's most likely to be ZFS. You can see the available zfs pools
/usr/sbin/zpool list
and their status, and how they're constructed from the available disk devices
/usr/sbin/zpool status
You can also see how the storage pool is split up into file systems using
/usr/sbin/zfs list
Generally, if you have problems, zpool status will tell you about
hardware failures, while zpool list will give utilization - it's
important to keep usage of a ZFS pool below about 90% capacity, as performance
can decline sharply above that point.
The simplest and most traditional way to see the state of the network is to use
/usr/sbin/ifconfig
(traditionally, ifconfig on its own produced a usage
message, but now the default output is the same as that given by
the -a flag).
The two other tools available are dladm
and ipadm, for working with network interfaces and
configuring IP on those interfaces respectively.
Running these commands without arguments produces a usage message. To see what's going on, there are a variety of show- subcommands that are available. For example
/usr/sbin/dladm show-phys
/usr/sbin/dladm show-aggr
/usr/sbin/dladm show-vnic
/usr/sbin/dladm show-etherstub
/usr/sbin/dladm show-wifi
will show physical interfaces, aggregations (LACP), virtual NICs, virtual networks, and wifi interfaces. There are more objects that can be shown. Usually, if the system has none of the appropriate objects, nothing will be output. At the IP level, you'll probably want to start with
/usr/sbin/ipadm show-if
/usr/sbin/ipadm show-addr
To see how the system will route traffic, use
netstat -nr
which will print the IPv4 and IPv6 routing tables.
You should also see what, if any, zones are present
/usr/sbin/zoneadm list -icv
The important point here is that certain resources (Networking, ZFS datasets) may be delegated to zones, so those resources may not be fully visible in the global zone. Also, the workloads running in zones need to be taken into account.
Of course, one fundamental question is whether you're actually
looking at a non-global zone. The zonename command will
output the string "global" if you're in the global zone, or the name
of the zone if you're in a non-global zone.
A general view of what's actually running can be given by
top
which will list the running processes and how much memory and CPU
each is using. For an alternative view, try htop.
While the load average isn't a terribly accurate measure of the load on a system, a load average in excess of the number of CPUs in the system likely indicates that the system is overloaded.
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