Tribblix: manual page: ipnat.4i

IPNAT(4I) Ioctl Requests IPNAT(4I)

NAME

ipnat - IP Filter/NAT module interface

DESCRIPTION

The ipnat device provides interaction with the NAT features of the
Solaris IPFilter.

APPLICATION PROGRAMMING INTERFACE

The NAT features programming model is a component of the Solaris IP
Filter and is accessed via the NAT device file /dev/ipnat. Opening the
device for reading or writing determines which ioctl calls can be
successfully made.

IOCTLS

The caller must construct a ipfobj structure when issuing a SIOCGNATL
or SIOCSTPUT ioctl. The ipfobj structure is then passed to the ioctl
call and is filled out with ipfo_type set to IPFOBJ_value.
IPFOBJ_value provides a matching name for the structure, while
ipfo_size is set to the total size of the structure being passed and
ipfo_ptr is set to the structure address. The ipfo_rev structure
should be set to the current value of IPFILTER_VERSION, while
ipfo_offset and ipfo_xxxpad should be set to 0.

/*
* Structure used with SIOCGNATL/SIOCSTPUT.
*/

/*
* Object structure description. For passing through in ioctls.
*/
typedef struct ipfobj {
u_32_t ipfo_rev; /* IPFilter version (IPFILTER_VERSION) */
u_32_t ipfo_size; /* size of object at ipfo_ptr */
void *ipfo_ptr; /* pointer to object */
int ipfo_type; /* type of object being pointed to */
int ipfo_offset; /* bytes from ipfo_ptr where to start */
u_char ipfo_xxxpad[32]; /* reserved for future use */
} ipfobj_t;

#define IPFILTER_VERSION 4010901 /* IPFilter version */
#define IPFOBJ_NATSAVE 8 /* struct nat_save */
#define IPFOBJ_NATLOOKUP 9 /* struct natlookup */

The following ioctl(2) calls may be used to manipulate the ipnat sub-
system inside of ipf. Note that the ipnat driver only accept calls
from applications using the same data model as the kernel. In other
words, 64-bit kernels can only accept calls from 64-bit applications.
Calls from 32-bit applications fail with EINVAL.

SIOCSTLCK Set or clear the NAT lock to prevent table updates
attributable to packet flow-through.

SIOCGNATL Search the NAT table for the rdr entry that matches the
fields in the natlookup structure. The caller must populate
the structure with the address/port information of the
accepted TCP connection (nl_inip, nl_inport) and the
address/port information of the peer (nl_outip, nl_outport).
The nl_flags field must have the IPN_TCP option set. All
other fields must be set to 0. If the call succeeds,
nl_realip and nl_realport are set to the real destination
address and port, respectively. The nl_inport and
nl_outport fields must be in host byte order. If
IPN_FINDFORWARD is set in nl_flags, a check is made to see
if it is possible to create an outgoing NAT session by
checking if a packet coming from (nl_realip, nl_realport)
and destined for (nl_outip, nl_outport) can be translated.
If translation is possible, the flag remains set, otherwise
it is cleared in the structure returned to the caller.

/*
* Structure used with SIOCGNATL.
*/
typedef struct natlookup {
i6addr_t nl_inipaddr;
i6addr_t nl_outipaddr;
i6addr_t nl_realipaddr;
int nl_v;
int nl_flags;
u_short nl_inport;
u_short nl_outport;
u_short nl_realport;
} natlookup_t

#define nl_inip nl_inipaddr.in4
#define nl_outip nl_outipaddr.in4
#define nl_realip nl_realipaddr.in4
#define nl_inip6 nl_inipaddr.in6
#define nl_outip6 nl_outipaddr.in6
#define nl_realip6 nl_realipaddr.in6

/*
* Accepted values for nl_flags
*/
#define IPN_TCP 0x00001
#define IPN_FINDFORWARD 0x400000

SIOCSTPUT Move a NAT mapping structure from user space into the
kernel. This ioctl is used by ipfs(8) to restore NAT
sessions saved in /var/db/ipf/ipnat.ipf. The nat_save
structure must have its ipn_nat and ipn_ipnat structures
filled out correctly. Fields not assigned a value must be
initialised to 0. All pointer fields are adjusted, as
appropriate, once the structure is passed into the kernel
and none are preserved.

To create a translation, the following fields must be set:

Interface name
The interface name on which the host is to be exited
must be set in nat_ifnames[0].

Local IP address and port number
The connection's local IP address and port number are
stored in network byte order using nat_inip/nat_inport.

Destination address/port
The destination address/port are stored in
nat_oip/nat_oport.

Target address/port
The translation's target address/port is stored in
nat_outip/nat_outport.

The caller must also precalculate the checksum adjustments
necessary to complete the translation and store those values
in nat_sumd (delta required for TCP header) and nat_ipsumd
(delta required for IP header).

/*
* Structures used with SIOCSTPUT.
*/
typedef struct nat_save {
void *ipn_next;
struct nat ipn_nat;
struct ipnat ipn_ipnat;
struct frentry ipn_fr;
int ipn_dsize;
char ipn_data[4];
} nat_save_t;

typedef struct nat {
ipfmutex_t nat_lock;
struct nat *nat_next;
struct nat **nat_pnext;
struct nat *nat_hnext[2];
struct nat **nat_phnext[2];
struct hostmap *nat_hm;
void *nat_data;
struct nat **nat_me;
struct ipstate *nat_state;
struct ap_session *nat_aps;
frentry_t *nat_fr;
struct ipnat *nat_ptr;
void *nat_ifps[2];
void *nat_sync;
ipftqent_t nat_tqe;
u_32_t nat_flags;
u_32_t nat_sumd[2];
u_32_t nat_ipsumd;
u_32_t nat_mssclamp;
i6addr_t nat_inip6;
i6addr_t nat_outip6;
i6addr_t nat_oip6;
U_QUAD_T nat_pkts[2];
U_QUAD_T nat_bytes[2];
union {
udpinfo_t nat_unu;
tcpinfo_t nat_unt;
icmpinfo_t nat_uni;
greinfo_t nat_ugre;
} nat_un;
u_short nat_oport;
u_short nat_use;
u_char nat_p;
int nat_dir;
int nat_ref;
int nat_hv[2];
char nat_ifnames[2][LIFNAMSIZ];
int nat_rev;
int nat_v;
} nat_t;

#define nat_inip nat_inip6.in4
#define nat_outip nat_outip6.in4
#define nat_oip nat_oip6.in4
#define nat_inport nat_un.nat_unt.ts_sport
#define nat_outport nat_un.nat_unt.ts_dport
/*
* Values for nat_dir
*/
#define NAT_INBOUND 0
#define NAT_OUTBOUND 1
/*
* Definitions for nat_flags
*/
#define NAT_TCP 0x0001 /* IPN_TCP */

EXAMPLES

The following example shows how to prepare and use SIOCSTPUT to insert
a NAT session directly into the table. Note that the usual TCP/IP code
is omitted is this example.

In the code segment below, incoming_fd is the TCP connection file
descriptor that is accepted as part of the redirect process, while
remote_fd is the outgoing TCP connection to the remote server being
translated back to the original IP address/port pair.

Note -- The following ipnat headers must be included before you can use
the code shown in this example:

#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <net/if.h>
#include <netinet/ipl.h>
#include <netinet/ip_compat.h>
#include <netinet/ip_fil.h>
#include <netinet/ip_nat.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <fcntl.h>

Note -- In the example below, various code fragments have been excluded
to enhance clarity.

int
translate_connection(int incoming_fd)
{
struct sockaddr_in usin;
struct natlookup nlp;
struct nat_save ns;
struct ipfobj obj;
struct nat *nat;
int remote_fd;
int nat_fd;
int onoff;

memset(&ns, 0, sizeof(ns));
nat = &ns.ipn_nat

namelen = sizeof(usin);
getsockname(remote_fd, (struct sockaddr *)&usin, &namelen);

namelen = sizeof(sin);
getpeername(incoming_fd, (struct sockaddr *) &sin, &namelen);

namelen = sizeof(sloc);
getsockname(incoming_fd, (struct sockaddr *) &sloc, &namelen);

bzero((char *) &obi, sizeof(obj));
obj.ipfo_rev = IPFILTER_VERSION;
obj.ipfo_size = sizeof(nlp);
obj.ipfo_ptr = &nip;
obj.ipfo_type = IPFOBJ_NATLOOKUP;

/*
* Build up the NAT natlookup structure.
*/
bzero((char *) &nlp, sizeof(nlp));
nlp.nl_outip = sin.sin_addr;
nlp.nl_inip = sloc.sin_addr;
nlp.nl_flags = IPN_TCP;
nlp.nl_outport = ntohs(sin.sin_port);
nlp.nl_inport = ntohs(sloc.sin_port);

/*
* Open the NAT device and lookup the mapping pair.
*/
nat_fd = open(IPNAT_NAME, O_RDWR);
if (ioctl(nat_fd, SIOCGNATL, &obj) != 0)
return -1;

nat->nat_inip = usin.sin_addr;
nat->nat_outip = nlp.nl_outip;
nat->nat_oip = nlp.nl_realip;

sum1 = LONG_SUM(ntohl(usin.sin_addr.s_addr)) +
ntohs(usin.sin_port);
sum2 = LONG_SUM(ntohl(nat->nat_outip.s_addr)) +
ntohs(nlp.nl_outport);
CALC_SUMD(sum1, sum2, sumd);
nat->nat_sumd[0] = (sumd & 0xffff) + (sumd >> 16);
nat->nat_sumd[1] = nat->nat_sumd[0];

sum1 = LONG_SUM(ntohl(usin.sin_addr.s_addr));
sum2 = LONG_SUM(ntohl(nat->nat_outip.s_addr));
CALC_SUMD(sum1, sum2, sumd);
nat->nat_ipsumd = (sumd & 0xffff) + (sumd >> 16);

nat->nat_inport = usin.sin_port;
nat->nat_outport = nlp.nl_outport;
nat->nat_oport = nlp.nl_realport;

nat->nat_flags = IPN_TCPUDP;

/*
* Prepare the ipfobj structure, accordingly.
*/
bzero((char *)&obi, sizeof(obj));
obj.ipfo_rev = IPFILTER_VERSION;
obj.ipfo_size = sizeof(*nsp);
obj.ipfo_ptr = nsp;
obj.ipfo_type = IPFOBJ_NATSAVE;

onoff = 1;
if (ioctl(nat_fd, SIOCSTPUT, &obj) != 0)
fprintf(stderr, "Error occurred\n");

return connect(rem_fd, (struct sockaddr)&usin, sizeof(usin));
}

ERRORS

EPERM The device has been opened for reading only. To
succeed, the ioctl call must be opened for both
reading and writing. The call may be returned if it
is privileged and the calling process did not assert
{PRIV_SYS_NET_CONFIG} in the effective set.

ENOMEM More memory was allocated than the kernel can
provide. The call may also be returned if the
application inserts a NAT entry that exceeds the
hash bucket chain's maximum length.

EFAULT The calling process specified an invalid pointer in
the ipfobj structure.

EINVAL The calling process detected a parameter or field
set to an unacceptable value.

EEXIST The calling process, via SIOCSTPUT, attempted to add
a NAT entry that already exists in the NAT table.

ESRCH The calling process called SIOCSTPUT before setting
the SI_NEWFR flag and providing a pointer in the
nat_fr field that cannot be found in the current
rule set.

EACCES The calling process issued a SIOCSTPUT before
issuing a SIOCSTLCK.

INTERFACE STABILITY

Committed